1. Resources
2. Tax rates & allowances

National insurance

Class 1

Employees start paying Class 1 NIC from age 16 (if sufficient earnings).

Employers pay Class 1 NIC in accordance with the table below.

Employer NIC for employees under the age of 21 and apprentices under the age of 25 is reduced from the normal rate of 15.05% to 0% up to the Upper Secondary Threshold of £967 per week. Also applies to veterans in the first 12 months of employment.

Employees Class 1 NIC stop when they reach their 'State Pension age'. The employer's contribution continues.

Employees

2022/23:

Earnings per week	%
Up to £190 1	Nil
£190.01 - £967	13.25
Over £967	3.25

1. £242 from 6 July 2022

Entitlement to state pension and other 'contribution-based benefits' is retained for earnings between £123 and £190 per week.

2021/22:

Earnings per week	%
Up to £184	Nil
£184.01 - £967	12
Over £967	2

Entitlement to state pension and other 'contribution-based benefits' is retained for earnings between £120 and £184 per week.

Employers

2022/23:

Earnings per week	%
Up to £175	Nil
Over £175	15.05

2021/22:

Earnings per week	%
Up to £170	Nil
Over £170	13.8

Other National Insurance payable by employers

Class 1A

15.05% on broadly all taxable benefits provided to employees and on certain taxable termination and sporting testimonial payments in excess of £30,000.

Class 1B

15.05% on taxable PAYE Settlement Agreements.

Class 2 and 4 (self-employed)

A self-employed person starts paying Class 2 and Class 4 NIC from 16 or over (if sufficient profits).

Class 2 NIC stop when a person reaches State Pension age.

Class 4 NIC stop from the start of the tax year after the one in which the person reaches State Pension age.

2022/23:

Class 2	(£)
Flat rate per week	3.15
Small Profits Threshold (per year)	6,725
Lower Profits Limit	11,908

2021/22:

Class 2	(£)
Flat rate per week	3.05
Small Profits Threshold (per year)	6,515

For 2022/23 the point at which the self-employed person starts to pay Class 2 NICs will increase to £11,908. This means those with profits between the Small Profits Threshold and the Lower Profits Limit will not pay Class 2 NICs, but will still be able to access entitlement to contributory benefits. A self-employed person with profits below the Small Profits Threshold might decide to carry on paying Class 2 voluntarily to accrue entitlement to the State Pension and other benefits.

Class 4

2022/23:

Annual profits	%
Up to £11,908	Nil
£11,908.01 - £50,270	10.25
Over £50,270	3.25

2021/22:

Annual profits	%
Up to £9,568	Nil
£9,568.01 - £50,270	9
Over £50,270	2

Class 3

A person needs 35 years (30 years if State Pension age is before 6 April 2016) of NIC to get a full State Pension.

Class 3 voluntary contributions can be paid to fill or avoid gaps in a NI record.

Flat rate per week: £15.85 (2021/22: £15.40)